Jewish Wedding vs. Christian Wedding: Wedding Comparison, Narendra Modi vs. Nitish Kumar: Top CMs of India, Land of snake charmers to land of intellectuals: Transition of India, National Debt Of Portugal vs. Greece Compared. [122] Ancient literary works, such as the Cilappatikaram, describe a system of music. [122] The theatrical culture flourished during the early Sangam age. [25] According to Narasimhan et al., this mixed population, which probably was native to the Indus Valley Civilisation, contributed significantly to both the ANI and ASI, the formation of which took shape during the 2nd millennium BCE. This led to the establishment of a series of Portuguese colonies along the western coasts of Karnataka and Kerala, including Mangalore. [18][19] The Brahui population of Balochistan in Pakistan has been taken by some as the linguistic equivalent of a relict population, perhaps indicating that Dravidian languages were formerly much more widespread and were supplanted by the incoming Indo-Aryan languages. It is pointed out that 'the word Aryans was brutally used by Hitler during world war second to attain exclusion of Jews and other ethnicities (2nd para). The sculpture dating from the Chola period has become notable as a symbol of Hinduism. The river had dried up even before the arrival of the Illiterates. The third century BCE onwards saw the development of large Dravidian empires like Chera, Chola, Pandyan, Chutu, Rashtrakuta, Vijayanagara, Pallava, Chalukya, Hoysala, Kingdom of Mysore and smaller kingdoms like Ay, Alupa, Western Ganga, Eastern Ganga, Kadamba, Kalabhra, Andhra Ikshvaku, Vishnukundina, Western Chalukya, Eastern Chalukya, Sena, Kakatiya, Reddy, Mysore, Jaffna, Travancore, Venad, Cochin, Cannanore, Calicut and the Nayakas. In this, they have failed miserably to locate a single European country that could provide the required qualifications - culture and language. [111], Among the early Dravidians, the practice of erecting memorial stones, Natukal and Viragal, had appeared, and it continued for quite a long time after the Sangam age, down to about the 16th century. The Portuguese had their Eastern Empire whose capital was Goa. Thus, there has to be some genetic relationships, however, the statement from the researchers was that, 'they could not discern the geographic origin of that population from their data' (India West). Most of the names of hills, rivers, villages and towns particularly in North India are austric (Mundaric/tribal)in origin and not in Indo-Aryan languages. The Hathigumpha inscription of the Kalinga ruler Kharavela refers to a T(ra)mira samghata (Confederacy of Tamil rulers) dated to 150 BCE. He also looked for the word 'arya' (Aryan), and possible meaning attached to it. In Streams of Civilizations, Stanton & Hyma, goes even further and states that, 'in fact, there is so much evidence now to show that, very ancient people were highly skilled, that some people have jumped to the conclusion that they must have come by space-ship from some more civilized planet out in space'. The classic case is where Mc Neill (A World History - 1967) states that 'the war-like invaders destroyed the Indus cities around 1500 BC, inaugurated a dark and barbarous age in India', where as, just a decade after, Hownslar and Smart (People and our World - A study of World History - 1977), states that 'Mohenjo-daro and Harappa had been abandoned by 1500 BC' and that 'they might have been destroyed by a series of floods of the Indus river'. Dravidians are in fact the original inhabitants of India, the Aryans were Pastoral Herders from Kazakhstan and Siberia [code ](Andronovo culture)[/ [29] In Prakrit, words such as "Damela", "Dameda", "Dhamila" and "Damila", which later evolved from "Tamila", could have been used to denote an ethnic identity. The people of India, only 200 million in 1835, fully justified both words, and so confirmed by Lord Macaulay's statement to the British Parliament on Feb 2, 1835 (see elsewhere). Aryans were fair skinned, tall, and spoke a different language from Dravidians who were dark, short and spoke Dravidian language. Aryans dont constitute the people residing in Northern India only, it also includes now all the people who speak Indo-European languages. Rigveda is a huge scripture, consisting of ten books. I thought, if at all, the word is related to the word Iran, the correct word should have been Iranian, meaning the people coming from Ira-n, i.e. The changes were made to the education system - to replace the old and ancient system of education and her culture, thus break the very backbone of this nation as Lord Macaulay predicted. The meaning of the word Arya is given as 'noble' in English dictionaries. [64], The Indus Valley civilisation (2,6001,900 BCE) located in the northwest of the Indian subcontinent is sometimes identified as having been Dravidian. The Europeans have been looking for a Mother-Tongue in a far-away places instead of at the source. In ancient times there were ankams, public duels to the death, to solve disputes between opposing rulers. There was scarcity of white women, too, resulted in the traffic in women. These conquerors were not builders. Honestly, there was never really any tribe with the name Aryan. Following are names of Rigvedic tribes: Alina tribe Alina people - Wikipedia [ ht Many genetecists and other scientists including Inians deny the theory of Aryan invasion in India.The author opinion is based on 19 century tradition of British imperial science.Read Out of eaden by Oppenheimer. South India consists of a lot of The framers of the fiction of the Aryans still had some way to go. Aryans and Dravidians View of historian P.T. The Europeans, because of their attitude - had no respect for Indian culture and treated the natives as slaves (Hownslar & Smart -A World History - 1977) -could not imagine that such people could be the creators of a Mother Language. He further states that, 'by the year 1619 AD, a million or more black slaves had already been brought to the Spanish and Portuguese colonies in the Caribbean and South America'. The present population is greatly affected by the D & R Policy, the main basis being the AIT. Thus, the ground work was already laid when Lord Macaulay visited India around 1835 to study the educational needs of the Indians. Toda and Erukala (a dialect of Tamil) of South Dravidian and Brahui of North Dravidian have lost gender and preserved only number. [123] Dance forms such as Bharatanatyam are based on older temple dance forms known as Catir Kacceri, as practised by courtesans and a class of women known as Devadasis.[124]. These neolithic farmers migrated from the Fertile Crescent, most likely from a region near the Zagros Mountains in modern-day Iran, to South Asia some 10,000 years ago. It is hypothesized that the proto-Elamo-Dravidian language, most likely originated in the Elam province in southwestern Iran, spread eastwards with the movement of farmers to the Indus Valley and the Indian sub-continent.". "[90], With the rise of the Kuru Kingdom a process of Sanskritization started which influenced all of India, with the populations of the north of the Indian subcontinent predominantly speaking the Indo-Aryan languages.[91]. In complex sentences, the main verb clause occupies the final position and is preceded by subordinate clauses that end in nonfinite verbs (those that are perfective, durative, conditional, concessive, and so on). The Aryans are trying to rule the world thjrough their International Aryan League. Some scholars consider this type as representing the Proto-Dravidian gender system. [24], According to a large craniometric study (Raghavan and Bulbeck et al. Vedic Sapt-Rishis going around the world with their troupe of helpers, or 20 tribes from the East, only 12 reached its destination, or the westward movements of the Jews, Christians, Parsis, Aghakhanis from persecution, as well as Greeks, Romans and the Chinese coming to Takshila and Nalanda, followed by the children of Japheth and Shem to rule, must have left behind some genetic imprint that can be matched with our friends from the West. Many literary works were composed in Carnatic style and it soon spread wide in the Dravidian regions. Only accusative (*-ay, *-n), dative (*-[n]kk), and possibly locative can be reconstructed for Proto-Dravidian. Six languages are currently recognized by India as Classical languages and four of them are Dravidian languages Tamil, Telugu, Kannada and Malayalam. The linguistic evidence for Dravidian impact grows increasingly strong as we move from the Samhitas down through the later Vedic works and into the classical post-Vedic literature. White skinned people of the world are late comers. Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar was an intellectual warrior. The East India Company specially recruited people of such caliber as Max Muller (1847) and Pandit Taranath (1866), to make such translations that would be detrimental to Hindu culture. I need more time to read and comment. Medieval South Indian guilds and trading organisations like the "Ayyavole of Karnataka and Manigramam" played an important role in the Southeast Asia trade,[27] and the cultural Indianisation of the region. In this sort of set-up, the indigenous women were required to warm up the beds, the mingling resulted in new races of Hispanic, Latino, Mulatto, Mestizo, Kriol etc. The cattle from Eurasia, popular names being Longhorn and Hereford, have more or less plain back. Around this time, Dravidians encountered Muslim traders, and the first Tamil Muslims and Sri Lankan Moors appeared. land without rivers. The Aryan Invasion Theory (AIT) was part of the Divide & Rule Policy, which was carried out very successfully. Dr S R Rao, formerly the head of the Archaeological Survey of India, was free of the narrow vision of the past Indo-logists. Murugan (also known as Seyyon) was glorified as the red god seated on the blue peacock, who is ever young and resplendent, as the favoured god of the Tamils. Proto-Dravidian may have been spoken in the Indus civilization, suggesting a "tentative date of Proto-Dravidian around the early part of the third millennium",[7] after which it branched into various Dravidian languages. a pictographic and linear script, as far back as 1556. The Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal was formed in 1784 with a committee of 30 European members, under the Patronage of Governor General Sir Warren Hastings and the first president Sir Wm Jones. According to David McAlpin and his Elamo-Dravidian hypothesis, the Dravidian languages were brought to India by immigration into India from Elam (not to be confused with Eelam), located in present-day southwestern Iran. Telugu of South-Central Dravidian and Kurukh-Malto of North Dravidian have preserved the Proto-Dravidian gender in the singular but independently extended the meaning of *aw-ar to human as happened in South Dravidian. They are also found in large numbers in Middle East countries, the Americas and Australia. They failed miserably in this task. The French Egyptologist, Jean Francois Champollion, armed with the long inscription in three scripts, one of them being known - Greek - he managed to decipher the hieroglyphic script of Egypt. [110] In the Sangam literature, there is an elaborate description of the rites performed by the Kurava priestess in the shrine Palamutircholai. They also have distinct cultural beliefs different from those of the Aryans. People came from far off countries for education at institutions, such as Taksha-shila and Nalanda. Rosetta Stone is a large slab of stone found at a village by the same name in Egypt. It was impossible to cross, however, Vindhya had great respect for the Muni, he agreed to lower its heights to allow them to cross, and further agreed that he would stay at that height to allow them to return when the task is completed. Malayalis are native to Kerala and Lakshadweep, but are also found in Puducherry and parts of Tamil Nadu. There are many interesting points raised in your letter, perhaps some others may help us with those. [51], Recent studies have shown that the proto-Dravidians were descendants of neolithic farmers, who are suggested to have migrated from the Zagros Mountains in modern-day Iran to northern South Asia some 10,000 years ago. Oriental Institute, Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda. Thus, to render the phrase he is a gentleman in Telugu, one combines yana he + peddamanii a gentleman; Telugu has no verb corresponding to to be in English. of Education, to accept a major change, such as calling 'Aryan invasion' a migration into India. We don't know any better! The corruption is an outright mismanagement of the nation's business. According to Max Muller, the Rigveda was written up in 1000 BC (Sacrosanct). Dravidian visual art is dominated by stylised temple architecture in major centres, and the production of images on stone and bronze sculptures. or by adding an interrogative particle (*-) to the phrase or clause questioned. The Portuguese already had a foot-hold in Goa, the Capital of their Eastern Empire. Telugu has a nativelike form wyi 1,000, but its etymology is uncertain. [61] They further noted that "the direct lineal descendants of the Neolithic inhabitants of Mehrgarh are to be found to the south and the east of Mehrgarh, in northwestern India and the western edge of the Deccan plateau", with neolithic Mehrgarh showing greater affinity with chalocolithic Inamgaon, south of Mehrgarh, than with chalcolithic Mehrgarh.[61]. All rights reserved Text-book Revision, where the historians agreed to call, 'migration' in place of 'invasion' of/by the Aryans, amply justified the above saying. They built no towns, their agriculture was primitive, the art of writing was unknown to them'. Stupid me, they were from a planet out in space! All that the other three did not do! [126] In South India various types of martial arts are practised like Kalaripayattu and Silambam. i.e. At the time of Lord Macaulay's address to the British Parliament in 1835, the population of India was around 200 million (Times Almanac - 182 million in the year 1804). The above information was completely negated by two teams of researchers, American and Indian, stating that , 'the South Indians possesses a distinct genetic pattern not found anywhere else in the world' (India West - Oct 30, 2009). Many villagers have only a lungi as their article of clothing. [6] Dravidian peoples are also present in Singapore, Malaysia, South Africa, Myanmar, East Africa, the Caribbean, and the United Arab Emirates through recent migration. Ancient Dravidian religion constituted of an animistic and non-Vedic form of religion which may have influenced the gamas, Vedic and non-Vedic texts[92] which post-date the Vedic texts. I always thought that the historians are intellectuals who understood the saying, 'A lie repeated often, becomes the truth, and a lie altered often becomes a noose'. These conquerors were interested in conquering parts in North India, dismantling the local cultures and pushing the indigenous Dravidian tribes of Dravidians towards thesouth. (2011), their research on lactose tolerance in India suggests that "the west Eurasian genetic contribution identified by Reich et al. Aryans-North Indians are Sanscrit language based speakers and Dravidyans-south Indians are Tamil language based speakers. Both groups of these Indi The mounds of earth, that covered bones and skeletons of the indigenous, now unearthed highly developed cities with all the facilities for the residents. Examples include Telugu reu pustaklu two books and naluguru manuulu four people (-guru is from *-war). All of them are equally important, therefore, no one is higher or lower than the other. Brahmin Dalits tribals all DNA are same. ANI formed out of a mixture of "Indus Periphery-related groups" and migrants from the steppe, while ASI was formed out of "Indus Periphery-related groups" who moved south and mixed further with local hunter-gatherers. [88] According to Erdosy, the most plausible explanation for the presence of Dravidian structural features in Old Indo-Aryan is that the majority of early Old Indo-Aryan speakers had a Dravidian mother tongue which they gradually abandoned. In fact, until the late 19th century most Kerala women did not wear any upper garments, or were forced to by law, and in many villages, especially in tribal communities, the sari is worn without the blouse. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. The British adopted different tactics, resulted in the now famous policy of Divide and Rule. Wouldn't you say that the Indians are a mix of white, black, red and yellow! WebThe difference between the so-called Aryans of the north and Dravidians of the south is not a racial division. HYDERABAD: The great Indian divide along north-south lines now stands blurred. [96] Sivan was also seen as the supreme God. The Spanish, the English, the Dutch and the French were also caught up in the TRAFFIC IN MEN'. Indo-Aryan and Dravidian are by far the largest of these four, both in terms of number of speakers as well as in terms of their spatial distribution across South Asia. Agatsya Muni was all set, ready to go with his work-force and equipment. Revision - Guess-work needs to be discarded and correct history needs to be taught in schools.
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